Handy MySQL Commands

    By
    Naveen Kumar
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    863
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    Using MySQL commands can be useful in an environment where graphical user interfaces like MySql Workbench and PhpMyAdmin may not be available and only Unix like environment is there. There comes this handy guide of most commonly used MySql operation commands by which you can completely control the MySql Server database through command line interface (CLI). In this post you will see list of commands for MySql.

    Description Command
    To login (from unix shell) use -h only if needed. [mysql dir]/bin/mysql -h hostname -u root -p
    Create a database on the sql server. create database [databasename];
    List all databases on the sql server. show databases;
    Switch to a database. use [db name];
    To see all the tables in the db. show tables;
    To see database’s field formats. describe [table name];
    To delete a db. drop database [database name];
    To delete a table. drop table [table name];
    Show all data in a table. SELECT * FROM [table name];
    Returns the columns and column information pertaining to the designated table. show columns from [table name];
    Show certain selected rows with the value “whatever”. SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE [field name] = “whatever”;
    Show all records containing the name “Bob” AND the phone number ‘3444444’. SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE name = “Bob” AND phone_number = ‘3444444’;
    Show all records not containing the name “Bob” AND the phone number ‘3444444’ order by the phone_number field. SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE name != “Bob” AND phone_number = ‘3444444’ order by phone_number;
    Show all records starting with the letters ‘bob’ AND the phone number ‘3444444’. SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE name like “Bob%” AND phone_number = ‘3444444’;
    Use a regular expression to find records. Use “REGEXP BINARY” to force case-sensitivity. This finds any record beginning with a. SELECT * FROM [table name] WHERE rec RLIKE “^a$”;
    Show unique records. SELECT DISTINCT [column name] FROM [table name];
    Show selected records sorted in an ascending (asc) or descending (desc). SELECT [col1],[col2] FROM [table name] ORDER BY [col2] DESC;
    Count rows. SELECT COUNT(*) FROM [table name];
    Join tables on common columns. select lookup.illustrationid, lookup.personid,person.birthday from lookup
    left join person on lookup.personid=person.personid=statement to join birthday in person table with primary illustration id;
    Switch to the mysql db. Create a new user. INSERT INTO [table name] (Host,User,Password) VALUES(‘%’,’user’,PASSWORD(‘password’));
    Change a users password.(from unix shell). [mysql dir]/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h hostname.blah.org -p password ‘new-password’
    Change a users password.(from MySQL prompt). SET PASSWORD FOR ‘user’@’hostname’ = PASSWORD(‘passwordhere’);
    Switch to mysql db.Give user privilages for a db. INSERT INTO [table name] (Host,Db,User,Select_priv,Insert_priv,Update_priv,Delete_priv,Create_priv,Drop_priv) VALUES (‘%’,’db’,’user’,’Y’,’Y’,’Y’,’Y’,’Y’,’N’);
    To update info already in a table. UPDATE [table name] SET Select_priv = ‘Y’,Insert_priv = ‘Y’,Update_priv = ‘Y’ where [field name] = ‘user’;
    Delete a row(s) from a table. DELETE from [table name] where [field name] = ‘whatever’;
    Update database permissions/privilages. FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
    Delete a column. alter table [table name] drop column [column name];
    Add a new column to db. alter table [table name] add column [new column name] varchar (20);
    Change column name. alter table [table name] change [old column name] [new column name] varchar (50);
    Make a unique column so you get no dupes. alter table [table name] add unique ([column name]);
    Make a column bigger. alter table [table name] modify [column name] VARCHAR(3);
    Delete unique from table. alter table [table name] drop index [colmn name];
    Load a CSV file into a table. LOAD DATA INFILE ‘/tmp/filename.csv’ replace INTO TABLE [table name] FIELDS TERMINATED BY ‘,’ LINES TERMINATED BY ‘\n’ (field1,field2,field3);
    Dump all databases for backup. Backup file is sql commands to recreate all db’s. [mysql dir]/bin/mysqldump -u root -ppassword –opt >/tmp/alldatabases.sql
    Dump one database for backup. [mysql dir]/bin/mysqldump -u username -ppassword –databases databasename >/tmp/databasename.sql
    Dump a table from a database. [mysql dir]/bin/mysqldump -c -u username -ppassword databasename tablename > /tmp/databasename.tablename.sql
    Restore database (or database table) from backup. [mysql dir]/bin/mysql -u username -ppassword databasename < /tmp/databasename.sql
    Create Table Example 1. CREATE TABLE [table name] (firstname VARCHAR(20), middleinitial VARCHAR(3), lastname VARCHAR(35),suffix VARCHAR(3),
    officeid VARCHAR(10),userid VARCHAR(15),username VARCHAR(8),email VARCHAR(35),phone VARCHAR(25), groups
    VARCHAR(15),datestamp DATE,timestamp time,pgpemail VARCHAR(255));
    Create Table Example 2. create table [table name] (personid int(50) not null auto_increment primary key,firstname varchar(35),middlename varchar(50),lastname varchar(50) default ‘bato’);

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